Bava Batra 33

מעין העולם הבא אלו הן אברהם יצחק ויעקב אברהם דכתיב ביה (בראשית כד, א) בכל יצחק דכתיב ביה (בראשית כז, לג) מכל יעקב דכתיב ביה (בראשית לג, יא) כל

of the future world while they were still in this world, to wit, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Abraham [we know] because it is written of him, [The Lord blessed Abraham] in all,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. XXIV, 1. ');">¹</span> Isaac, because it is written, [And I ate] of all;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. XXVII, 33. ');">²</span>

שלשה לא שלט בהן יצר הרע אלו הן אברהם יצחק ויעקב דכתיב בהו בכל מכל כל ויש אומרים אף דוד דכתיב (תהלים קט, כב) ולבי חלל בקרבי ואידך צעריה הוא דקא מדכר

Jacob, because it is written, [For I have] all.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ibid. XXXIII, 11. ');">³</span> Three there were over whom the evil inclination<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [On the evil inclination, v. Porter, F.C., 'The Yezer Hara', A Study in the Jewish doctrine of Sin.] ');">⁴</span>

תנו רבנן ששה לא שלט בהן מלאך המות ואלו הן אברהם יצחק ויעקב משה אהרן ומרים אברהם יצחק ויעקב דכתיב בהו בכל מכל כל משה אהרן ומרים דכתיב בהו (במדבר לג, לח) על פי ה'

had no dominion, to wit Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, [as we know] because it is written in connection with them, in all, of all, all.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which shows that they were completely righteous. ');">⁵</span> Some include also David, of whom it is written, My heart is wounded within me.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ps. CIX, 22. ');">⁶</span>

והא מרים לא כתיב בה על פי ה' אמר ר"א מרים נמי בנשיקה מתה דאתיא שם שם ממשה ומפני מה לא נאמר בה על פי ה' שגנאי הדבר לומר

And the other authority? — He understands him to be referring here to his distress. Our Rabbis taught: Six there were over whom the Angel of Death had no dominion,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' But they died by a 'kiss'. ');">⁷</span>

תנו רבנן שבעה לא שלט בהן רמה ותולעה ואלו הן אברהם יצחק ויעקב משה אהרן ומרים ובנימין בן יעקב אברהם יצחק ויעקב דכתיב [בהו] בכל מכל כל משה אהרן ומרים דכתיב [בהו] על פי ה' בנימין בן יעקב דכתיב (דברים לג, יב) ולבנימן אמר ידיד ה' ישכון לבטח עליו וי"א אף דוד דכתיב (תהלים טז, ט) אף בשרי ישכון לבטח ואידך ההוא רחמי הוא דקא בעי

namely, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, Moses, Aaron and Miriam. Abraham, Isaac and Jacob we know because it is written in connection with them, in all, of all, all;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And therefore they did not lack this final honour. ');">⁸</span> Moses, Aaron and Miriam because it is written in connection with them [that they died] By the mouth of the Lord.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Num. XXXIII, 38; Deut. XXXIV, 5. ');">⁹</span>

תנו רבנן ארבעה מתו בעטיו של נחש ואלו הן בנימין בן יעקב ועמרם אבי משה וישי אבי דוד וכלאב בן דוד וכולהו גמרא לבר מישי אבי דוד דמפרש ביה [קרא] דכתיב (שמואל ב יז, כה) ואת עמשא שם אבשלום תחת יואב על הצבא ועמשא בן איש ושמו יתרא הישראלי אשר בא אל אביגיל בת נחש אחות צרויה אם יואב וכי בת נחש היא והלא בת ישי היא דכתיב (דברי הימים א ב, טז) ואחיותיהם צרויה ואביגיל אלא בת מי שמת בעטיו של נחש:

But the words 'by the month of the Lord' are not used in connection with [the death of] Miriam? — R. Eleazar said: Miriam also died by a kiss, as we learn from the use of the word 'there' [in connection both with her death] and with that of Moses.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Num. XX, I, and Deut. XXXIV, 5. ');">¹⁰</span> And why is it not said of her that [she died] by the month of the Lord? — Because such an expression would be disrespectful.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If used in connection with a female. ');">¹¹</span>

<br><br><big><strong>הדרן עלך השותפין:</strong></big><br><br>

Our Rabbis taught: There were seven over whom the worms had no dominion, namely, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, Moses, Aaron and Miriam, and Benjamin son of Jacob. Abraham, Isaac and Jacob [we know] because it is written of them, 'in all, of all, all': Moses, Aaron and Miriam because it is written in connection with them, By the mouth of the Lord. Benjamin son of Jacob, because it is written in connection with him, And to Benjamin he said, The beloved of the Lord, he shall dwell thereon<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., rest in the grave in reliance on that love. ');">¹²</span> in safety.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Deut. XXXIII, 12. E.V. 'the beloved of the Lord shall dwell in safety by him'. ');">¹³</span>

מתני׳ <big><strong>לא</strong></big> יחפור אדם בור סמוך לבורו של חבירו ולא שיח ולא מערה ולא אמת המים ולא נברכת כובסין אא"כ הרחיק מכותל חבירו שלשה טפחים וסד בסיד

Some say that David also [is included], since it is written of him, My flesh also shall dwell [in the grave] in safety.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ps. XVI, 9. ');">¹⁴</span> The other, however, explains this to mean that he is praying for mercy.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In which case we translate, 'may my flesh dwell etc.' ');">¹⁵</span>

ומרחיקים את הגפת ואת הזבל ואת המלח ואת הסיד ואת הסלעים מכותלו של חבירו שלשה טפחים (או) סד בסיד מרחיקין את הזרעים ואת המחרישה ואת מי רגלים מן הכותל שלשה טפחים

Our Rabbis taught: Four died through the counsel of the serpent,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The counsel given by the serpent to Eve, which brought death on all mankind, and not for any sin they themselves committed. [The reference is to physical death only and is thus not to be confused with the doctrine of 'original sin' involving the condemnation of the whole human race to a death that is eternal.] ');">¹⁶</span> namely, Benjamin son of Jacob, Amram the father of Moses, Jesse the father of David, and Kilab the son of David. We know this only from tradition in regard to all of them save Jesse the father of David, in regard to whom it is stated distinctly in the Scripture, as it is written, And Absalom set Amasa over the host instead of Joab. Now Amasa was the son of a man whose name was Isra the Israelite, that went in to Abigal the daughter of Nahash, sister to Zeruiah Joab's mother.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' II Sam. XVII, 25. ');">¹⁷</span>

ומרחיקין את הריחים שלשה מן השכב שהן ארבעה מן הרכב ואת התנור שלשה מן הכליא שהן ארבעה מן השפה:

Now was she the daughter of Nahash? Was she not the daughter of Jesse, as It is written, And their [Jesse's sons'] sisters were Zeruiah and Abigail?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I Chron. II, 16. ');">¹⁸</span> What it means therefore is, The daughter of him who died through the counsel of the serpent [nahash]. <b><i>MISHNAH</i></b>. A MAN SHOULD NOT DIG A PIT [IN HIS OWN FIELD] CLOSE TO THE PIT OF HIS NEIGHBOUR,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For fear of loosening the sides. On the terms [H] (pit), [H] (ditch), [H] (cave), v. B.K. V. ');">¹⁹</span> NOR A DITCH NOR A CAVE NOR A WATER-CHANNEL NOR A FULLER'S POOL,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A shallow pool for soaking and washing soiled linen. ');">²⁰</span> UNLESS HE KEEPS THEM AT LEAST THREE HANDBREADTHS FROM HIS NEIGHBOUR'S WALL<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the side of the pit, v. infra. ');">²¹</span> AND PLASTERS [THE SIDES]. A MAN SHOULD KEEP OLIVE REFUSE,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The refuse from olives which have been pressed for oil. ');">²²</span> DUNG, SALT, LIME, AND FLINT STONES AT LEAST THREE HANDBREADTHS FROM HIS NEIGHBOUR'S WALL<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A mud wall which might be injured by the proximity of these articles, v. infra. ');">²³</span> OR PLASTER IT OVER. SEEDS, PLOUGH FURROWS, AND URINE SHOULD BE KEPT THREE HANDBREADTHS FROM THE WALL. MILL — STONES SHOULD BE KEPT THREE HANDBREADTHS AWAY RECKONING FROM THE UPPER STONE, WHICH MEANS FOUR FROM THE LOWER STONE. AN OVEN SHOULD BE KEPT THREE HANDBREADTHS RECKONING FROM THE FOOT OF THE BASE,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Ovens were fixed not on the ground but on a sort of platform narrower at the top than the bottom. According to another interpretation we should translate, 'three from the belly of the oven, which means four from the rim,' the ovens being in shape like earthenware jars swelling in the middle; v. Tosaf. ');">²⁴</span> WHICH MEANS FOUR FROM THE TOP OF THE BASE.